In an earlier note, I shared information on high yielding varieties of forage crops. This note is meant to share information on high yielding varieties of other crops as revealed by research this year at TBARS.
Spring Cereals:
Wheat varieties:
• Highest grain yields were obtained with AAC Penhold (6,136 kg/ha), Megantic (5,908 kg/ha), Elgin ND (5,799 kg/ha), and Minnedosa (5,749 kg/ha). Grain yields of Sable was 4,587 kg/ha only.
• Two highest yielding durum wheat varieties were AAC Marchwell (5,750 kg/ha) and Enterprise (5,512 kg/ha).
• Megantic among hard red and AAC Raymore among durum produced the highest straw yields (~6,800 kg/ha). This is ~700 kg/ha more than what we got from Sable.
• Producers may consider adding these three new varieties to their cropping systems.
Barley Varieties:
• Three top grain yielding varieties were Boroe (6,610 kg/ha), Alyssa (6,468 kg/ha) and Chambly (6,251 kg/ha).
• Synasolis (5,843 kg/ha), Amberly (5,719 kg/ha) and Oceanic (5,657 kg/ha) formed the second best group in grain yield.
• Straw (6,229 kg/ha) and biomass (12,696 kg/ha) yields were highest with Alyssa.
Malting Barley Varieties:
• AAC Synergy gave the highest grain yield (4,988 kg/ha) followed closely by last year’s topper CDC Copeland (4,640 kg/ha). Grain yield of other varieties ranged from 755 kg/ha (Newdale; poor stand probably due to bad seed) to 3,717 kg/ha (Quench).
• Straw yield was highest (5,231 kg/ha) with CDC Copeland followed by AAC Synergy (4,783 kg/ha).
Hulless Barley Demonstration:
• Azimuth (6R) produced higher grain yield (~4,600 kg/ha) than Millhouse (2R; 3,913 kg/ha).
• However, straw yield was greater with Millhouse (5,988 kg/ha) than with Azimuth (3,727 kg/ha).
Black (Hulless) Barley Seed Rates:
• Highest grain (1,339 kg/ha), straw (3,305 kg/ha) and biomass (4,644 kg/ha) yields were obtained with 75 % of the recommended seed rate.
• Black (Hulless) Barley is a specialty crop and can be eaten like (boiled) rice! It may be of interest to gardeners/and organic producers.
Oat Varieties:
• Rosken recorded the highest grain yield (8,269 kg/ha) followed by OA 1357-2 (7,828 kg/ha) and Almonte (7,652 kg/ha).
• Formerly high yielding varieties with stable yields, such as AC Rigodon (6,305 kg/ha) and AC Jordon (6,063 kg/ha), had the lowest grain yields this year.
• Among the registered varieties, Nicolas produced the highest straw (9,341 kg/ha) and biomass yields (16,138 kg/ha).
Winter Cereals:
Manitoba and Ontario Winter Wheat Varieties:
• Gallus (plant height 97 cm), a relatively new HRWW variety from Ontario, registered the highest grain yield (6,781 kg/ha) and a reasonably good (though not the highest) straw yield (9,328 kg/ha). 2016 was the first testing year for this variety at TBARS!
• Princeton (6,451 kg/ha) and 1603-137-1 (6,426 kg/ha) were the second best in grain yield.
• AAC Gateway (4,775 kg grains/ha) that had recorded highest grain yield in the past 3 years and also CDC Falcon (4,128 kg grains/ha) didn’t do well this year. This year’s heat at ripening was probably too much for these varieties.
• Among the registered varieties, Emerson produced the highest straw (10,380 kg/ha) and Gallus the highest biomass (16,109 kg/ha) yield.
• Grain protein content in Gallus and Princeton was over 1 % point lower than that in AAC Gateway (12.9 %). Grain N removal by Gallus was 128 kg/ha.
Winter Rye/Triticale Varieties:
• Hazlet (7,525 kg/ha) gave somewhat higher grain yield than Brasetto (7,255 kg/ha) though both had similar straw (~9,300 kg/ha) and biomass (over 16,500 kg/ha) yields.
• Winter rye could be a good option for grain (feed or malt)/and straw production!
• Grain, straw and biomass yields of winter triticale (cultivar Fridge) were 5,415 kg/ha, 10, 453 kg/ha and 15, 868 kg/ha, respectively.
• In rye, plumpness of grains was higher (89.4 %), but ergot lower (6.0 %) in Brasseto than in Hazlet (71 % and 12 %). Germination percentage in both the varieties was almost 100 %. There was hardly any ergot (1 %) in Fridge (triticale) that had 87.4 % plump kernels. Germination in Fridge was low (88 %).
Grain Corn:
• Five corn varieties (3 from DuPont Pioneer and 2 from Pride Seeds) were evaluated for grain production.
• Grain yield ranged from 14.1 MT/ha (A4025G3) to 15.9 MT/ha (P7202AM). Grain yield from A4199G2 (15.7 MT/ha) was close to that of P7202AM. However, the grain yield differences between the varieties was not significant.
• Pride seeds varieties (A4025G3 and A4199G2) recorded higher stover yield (>15.6 MT/ha) than the DuPont Pioneer varieties (11.2-13.7 MT/ha).
• A4199G2 produced the highest biomass yield (>31 MT/ha).
Grain Legumes and Oil Seeds Varieties:
Soybean Varieties:
• Three top grain yielding varieties were NSC Moosomin RR2Y (5,343 kg/ha), TH33005R2Y (5,300 kg/ha) and P002T04R (5,188 kg/ha).
• Grain yield in other varieties ranged from 3,342 kg/ha (NSC Tilson RR2Y) to 4,876 kg/ha (Podago R2).
Edible Beans Varieties:
• Earlired that has given consistently high yield in the past, gave the highest grain yield (3,621 kg/ha) this year too. This was 1,241 kg/ha higher than the other red variety (Dynasty).
• Among the white varieties, Bolt (2,791 kg/ha) and Yeti (2,654 kg/ha) produced significantly higher grain yield than Spark (1,813 kg/ha) and Fathom (1,756 kg/ha).
Edible beans could be an integral part of the cropping systems in Northwestern Ontario!
Flax Varieties:
• CDC Glas recorded the highest seed yield (3,411 kg/ha) as was the case in the previous two years.
• CDC Neela (3,236 kg/ha) and CDC Sorrel (3,153 kg/ha) were the other two varieties that gave more than 3,000 kg/ha seed yield.
• Straw yield followed the trend similar to the seed yield. This means that the varieties that produced high seed yield, gave high straw yield as well.
• Highest biomass yield (`9,000 kg/ha) was obtained with CDC Glas.
Liberty Canola Varieties:
• L252 recorded the highest seed (5,473 kg/ha; 803 kg/ha higher than L5440), straw (10,251 kg/ha) and biomass (15,724 kg/ha) yields.
• Seed yields of other two varieties; L233P (4,345 kg/ha) and L140P (4,243 kg/ha) were lower than even that of L5440.
For detailed information, see TBARS Annual Report 2016, which is available free of cost to members of the TBARA!
